15", "Hard War in Virginia during the Civil War", "James M. Calhoun, Mayor, E. E. Pawson and S. C. Wells, representing City Council of Atlanta", "The complicated history of Gen. Philip Sheridan", "Timeline: A Chronology of Key Events in the Life of William T. Sherman, 18201891", "Sorrow at the Capital: Formal Announcement by the President Eulogies in the Senate", "In Headquarters, Military Division of the Mississippi In the Field, Savannah, Geo. [140] At the end of this campaign, known as Sherman's March to the Sea, his troops took Savannah on December 21, 1864. [a] According to Sherman's Memoirs, he was named "William Tecumseh", his father having "caught a fancy for the great chief of the Shawnees, 'Tecumseh'". In response to this threat, Grant instructed Sherman to attack Johnston. An error has occured while loading the map. Saved. His father Charles Robert Sherman, a successful lawyer who sat on the Ohio Supreme Court, died unexpectedly in 1829. [173] Sherman's views on race evolved significantly over time. It was a bitterly cold day and a friend of Johnston, fearing that the general might become ill, asked him to put on his hat. 15. [197][198][f] Another World War II-era student of Liddell Hart's writings on Sherman was General George S. Patton,[199] who "spent a long vacation studying Sherman's campaigns on the ground in Georgia and the Carolinas, with the aid of [Liddell Hart's] book" and later "carried out his [bold] plans, in super-Sherman style". Looting was officially forbidden, but historians disagree on how rigorously this regulation was enforced. [101] Sherman's operations were supposed to be coordinated with an advance on Vicksburg by Grant from another direction. When William Tecumseh Sherman Harper was born on 30 June 1865, in Des Moines, Polk, Iowa, United States, his father, James Madison Harper, was 33 and his mother, Lydia Jane Lamb, was 31. [123] When Lincoln called Grant east in the spring of 1864 to take command of all the Union armies, Grant appointed Sherman (by then known to his soldiers as "Uncle Billy") to succeed him as head of the Military Division of the Mississippi, which entailed command of Union troops in the Western Theater of the war. [28], While many of his colleagues saw action in the MexicanAmerican War, Sherman was assigned to administrative duties in the captured territory of California. In early 1858, he returned to California to finalize the bank's outstanding accounts there. "Yes," Grant replied, puffing on his cigar. "Fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom." [188][191], Sherman's military legacy rests primarily on his command of logistics and on his brilliance as a strategist. Person. ", Sherman to Grant, February 15, 1862, Papers of Ulysses S. Grant 4:216n, Sherman to Grant, December 28, 1866, Papers of Ulysses S. Grant 16:422. He took no precautions beyond strengthening his picket lines, and refused to entrench, build abatis, or push out reconnaissance patrols. This was a new regiment yet to be raised. He privately ridiculed Lincoln's call for 75,000 three-month volunteers to quell secession, reportedly saying: "Why, you might as well attempt to put out the flames of a burning house with a squirt-gun. Republican Governor Daniel Henry Chamberlain appealed to President Grant for military assistance. [23] Sherman roomed with and befriended another important future Civil War general for the Union, George H. Thomas. [47], Sherman suffered from asthma attacks, which he attributed in part to stress caused by the city's aggressive business culture. [221], In this general connection, it is also noteworthy that Sherman and his subordinates (particularly John A. Logan) took steps to protect Raleigh, North Carolina, from acts of revenge after the assassination of President Lincoln.[222][223]. When the bank failed during the Panic of 1857, he closed the New York branch. [152] Thereafter, his troops did relatively little damage to the civilian infrastructure. Free delivery for many products! I am not and cannot be. Lincoln happened to be at City Point at the same time, making possible the only three-way meeting of Lincoln, Grant, and Sherman during the war. [195], Liddell Hart credited Sherman with mastery of maneuver warfare, also known as the "indirect approach". [246], In 1875, ten years after the end of the Civil War, Sherman became one of the first Civil War generals to publish his memoirs. in Lancaster, Ohio, USA , United States, Died on February 14, 1891 William Tecumseh (W.T.) [48][49] Late in life, Sherman said of his time in a San Francisco gripped by the frenzy of real estate speculation: "I can handle a hundred thousand men in battle, and take the City of the Sun, but am afraid to manage a lot in the swamp of San Francisco. He tells us what he thought and what he felt, and he never strikes any attitudes or pretends to feel anything he does not feel. Charles Robert Sherman and Mary Sherman. Not long before his death, General William Tecumseh Sherman (1820-1891) told an interviewer: "My family is strongly Roman Catholic. The Sherman House is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, Civil War Preservation Trail and has been a memorial to the family since 1951. [93] At Shiloh, Sherman was wounded twicein the hand and shoulderand had three horses shot out from under him. At Shiloh, he may have wished to avoid appearing overly alarmed in order to escape the kind of criticism he had received in Kentucky. Sherman proved instrumental to mounting the successful Union counterattack of the following day, April 7, 1862. [104][105] Arkansas Post was taken by the Union army and navy on January 11, 1863. Sherman took command of the infantrymen in the local Union garrison and successfully repelled the Confederate attack. He passed away on 30 June 1951 in Virginia, St Louis, Minnesota, USA. [165], Sherman was not an abolitionist before the war and, like others of his time and background, he did not believe in "Negro equality". Charles Taylor Sherman, Judge 1811-1879 Married 2 February 1841, Mansfield, Richland Co., OH, toEliza Jane Williams 1822-1888; Mary Elizabeth Sherman 1812-1900 Married 19 October 1829, Lancaster, Fairfield Co., OH, toWilliam James Reese 1804-1883; John Sherman, Sen. 1823-1900 They had eight children: Maria Ewing Sherman Fitch, Mary Elizabeth Sherman, William Tecumseh Sherman, Jr., Thomas Ewing Sherman, Eleanor Mary Sherman Thackara, Rachel Ewing Sherman Thorndike, Charles Celestine. Louis. Here's how General Sherman got its name(s)", "The Religion of William Tecumseh Sherman", The Destructive War: William Tecumseh Sherman, Stonewall Jackson, and the Americans, Patriotic Gore: Studies in the Literature of the American Civil War, Works by or about William Tecumseh Sherman, Military orders of General William T. Sherman, 1861'65, William T. Sherman Family Papers: 18081959, List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials, List of memorials to the Grand Army of the Republic, Confederate artworks in the United States Capitol, List of Confederate monuments and memorials, Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials. [114][115], Ordered to relieve the Union forces besieged in the city of Chattanooga, Tennessee, Sherman departed from Memphis on October 11, 1863, aboard a train bound for Chattanooga. [247] The Memoirs of General William T. Sherman. Sherman would eventually become one of the few high-ranking officers of the U.S. Civil War who had not fought in Mexico. In October, Sherman succeeded Anderson in command of that department. [281] Except during the personal crisis triggered by his son Thomas's decision to become a priest, Sherman's personal attitude towards the Catholic Church was tolerant and even friendly at a time when anti-Catholic prejudice was common in the United States. Please try again. Free shipping for many products! [80], Having succeeded Anderson at Louisville, Sherman now had principal military responsibility for Kentucky, a border state in which the Confederates held Columbus and Bowling Green, and were also present near the Cumberland Gap. Eventually, Sherman won approval from his superiors for a plan to cut loose from his communications and march south, having advised Grant that he could "make Georgia howl". Liddell Hart's claims for his own influence on the German doctrine of, Sherman wrote in a letter to Halleck, dated December 24, 1864, "that we are not only fighting hostile armies, but a hostile people, and must make old and young, rich and poor, feel the hard hand of war, as well as their organized armies.". [98] Grant made Sherman a corps commander and put him in charge of half of his forces. He lived in Lancaster, Fairfield, Ohio, United States in 1860. [56] Sherman was an effective and popular leader of the institution, which would later become Louisiana State University. William Tecumseh Sherman had a lot in common with Ulysses S. Grant. In March, Halleck's command was redesignated the Department of the Mississippi and enlarged to unify command in the West. [13], Sherman's older brother Charles Taylor Sherman became a federal judge. After the death of John A. Rawlins, Sherman also served for one month as acting Secretary of War. Ancestor charts showing the family relationships of General William Tecumseh Sherman (1820-1891) to other famous people. He left his widow, Mary Hoyt Sherman, with eleven children and no inheritance. They were the parents of at least 5 sons and 5 daughters. His men swore by him, and most of his fellow officers admired him. The magazine Confederate Veteran, based in Nashville, dedicated more attention to Sherman than to any other Union general, in part to enhance the visibility of the Civil War's western theater. Grant may have had to intervene to save Sherman from dismissal for having overstepped his authority. [65][66], Sherman then moved to St. Louis to become president of a streetcar company called the "Fifth Street Railroad". Instead of complying, he resigned his position as superintendent, declaring to the governor of Louisiana that "on no earthly account will I do any act or think any thought hostile to or in defiance of the old Government of the United States. Born in Ohio into a politically prominent family, Sherman graduated in 1840 from the United States Military Academy at West Point. [41], On May 1, 1850, Sherman married his foster sister, Ellen Boyle Ewing, who was four years and eight months his junior. Parents. President Zachary Taylor, vice president Millard Fillmore and other political luminaries attended the wedding. His father, a lawyer and jurist, died when he was nine, leaving the family destitute. [212] One of Sherman's tactics was to destroy the railways by pulling up the rails, heating them over a bonfire, and twisting them to leave behind what came to known as "Sherman's neckties". [53], Sherman's San Francisco branch closed in May 1857, and he relocated to New York City on behalf of the same bank, travelling on the steamer SS Central America. [226] On July 25, 1866, the U.S. Congress created the new rank of General of the Army for Grant, while also promoting Sherman to Grant's previous rank of lieutenant general. His foster mother, Maria Ewing, was devoutly Catholic and raised her own children in that faith. See more Charles Taylor Sherman (Feb. 3, 1811-Jan. 1, 1879) Mary Elizabeth Sherman Reese (April 21, 1812-Aug. 1900) [117], At Chattanooga, Grant instructed Sherman to attack the right flank of Bragg's forces, which were entrenched along Missionary Ridge overlooking the city. [229], When the Medicine Lodge Treaty failed in 1868, Sherman authorized his subordinate in Missouri, Major General Philip Sheridan, to lead the winter campaign of 18681869, of which the Battle of Washita River was part. Together, they had eight children: Charles, Thomas, William, Rachel . He stood by me when I was crazy, and I stood by him when he was drunk; and now, sir, we stand by each other always. [112], After the surrender of Vicksburg and the re-capture of Jackson, Sherman was given the rank of brigadier general in the regular army, in addition to his rank as a major general of volunteers. [34] In June 1848, Sherman accompanied the military governor of California, Col. Richard Barnes Mason, to inspect the gold mines at Sutter's Fort. Other. [121], The Meridian campaign marked the end of Sherman's brief tenure as commander of the Army of the Tennessee. Sherman wrote both to his brother, Senator John Sherman, and to General Grant vehemently repudiating any such promotion. The Life Summary of William Tecumseh. [260], Proposed as a Republican candidate for the presidential election of 1884, Sherman declined as emphatically as possible, saying, "I will not accept if nominated and will not serve if elected. He served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War (18611865), achieving recognition for his command of military strategy as well as criticism for the harshness of the scorched-earth policies that he implemented against the Confederate States. After his father's death, the nine-year-old Sherman was raised by a Lancaster neighbor and family friend, attorney Thomas Ewing. Father and son, however, were reconciled when Thomas returned to the United States in August 1880, after having travelled to England for his religious instruction. Critical press reports about Sherman began to appear after the U.S. Secretary of War, Simon Cameron, visited Louisville in October 1861. [185], Towards the end of the Civil War, some elements within the Republican Party regarded Sherman as being strongly prejudiced against black people. My average demerits, per annum, were about one hundred and fifty, which reduced my final class standing from number four to six. [126] He conducted a series of flanking maneuvers through rugged terrain against Confederate general Joseph E. Johnston's Army of Tennessee, attempting a direct assault only at the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain. [274] He later married his foster sister Ellen, who was also a devout Catholic. [37][38], At John Augustus Sutter Jr.s request, Sherman assisted Capt. Father James A. Ryder, president of Georgetown College, officiated at the Washington, D.C., ceremony. In his memoirs, Sherman said, "In my official report of this conflagration, I distinctly charged it to General Wade Hampton, and confess I did so pointedly, to shake the faith of his people in him, for he was in my opinion boastful, and professed to be the special champion of South Carolina.